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Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO(3)RR) is a promising approach to simultaneously realize pollutant removal and ammonia generation. However, this process involves the transfer of eight electrons and nine protons along with multiple by-products, resulting in a significant challenge for achieving high ammonia yield and selectivity. Herein, we introduced bimetallic covalent organic frameworks catalysts with Cu and Co active sites to achieve a two-step tandem reaction, avoiding...

The recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) sets ambitious goals but no clear pathway for how zero loss of important biodiversity areas and halting human-induced extinction of threatened species will be achieved. We assembled a multi-taxa tracking dataset (11 million geopositions from 15,845 tracked individuals across 121 species) to provide a global assessment of space use of highly mobile marine megafauna, showing that 63% of the area that they cover is used 80% of the time...

CONCLUSIONS: We highlight the importance of examining heterogeneity in autism and ADHD and demonstrate that population modelling is a useful tool to study subgrouping in autism and ADHD. We identified subgroups with distinct patterns of alterations relative to controls but note that these results rely heavily on the algorithm used and encourage detailed reporting of methods and features used in future studies.

Pyropia yezoensis, a key economic marine crop in Asia, serves as a model for red seaweed research. Previously, we determined that histone acetylation plays essential roles in the response to abiotic stresses and the formation of asexual spores in P. yezoensis. However, the reader proteins of acetylated histones remain to be identified. In this study, we characterized the gene encoding a YEATS domain-containing protein (PyYEATS) in P. yezoensis. The PyYEATS protein, mainly localized in nuclei...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this prognostic study, a proactive, label-agnostic monitoring pipeline detected harmful data shifts for a clinical AI system predicting in-hospital mortality. Transfer learning and drift-triggered continual learning strategies mitigated performance degradation, maintaining model performance across health care settings. These findings suggest that the approach used here may ensure the robust and equitable deployment of clinical AI models. Future research should...

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) demonstrates heterogeneous symptom profiles and a high relapse risk. Understanding how symptom interactions relate to relapse in MDD may enhance maintenance strategies. We thus investigated how connectivity in depressive symptom networks relates to relapse in MDD. We analyzed longitudinal data from 87 patients with remitted MDD who were followed for an average of 12 months. Patient-level symptom networks were estimated using multilevel graphical vector...

We outline the development of the Health Data Nexus, a data platform that enables data storage and access management with a cloud-based computational environment. We describe the importance of this secure platform in an evolving public-sector research landscape that utilizes significant quantities of data, particularly clinical data acquired from health systems, as well as the importance of providing meaningful benefits for three targeted user groups: data providers, researchers, and educators....

Shikimate kinase-like 1 (SKL1) plays an essential role in chloroplast biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana whereby mutants present a pigment-defective phenotype. The inability to identify SKL1 in organisms pre-dating land plants suggests an important role for this gene coinciding with the emergence of terrestrial plants. A role for SKL1 in chloroplast biogenesis has previously been determined in Arabidopsis, however the biological function for SKL1 has not been established in early land plants. In...

Studies on the impact of anaerobic digestion on biosludge dewatering are conflicting and mechanisms are poorly understood, with significant implications to both wastewater costs and environmental impact. To identify the mechanisms that improve dewaterability and to amplify the impacts of anaerobic digestion, biosludge was first sonicated to deteriorate dewaterability. Sonicated biosludge was next anaerobically digested under mesophilic conditions in three experiments, and the roles of...

CONCLUSIONS: DPSM provides an effective approach for creating RCT-like comparability from observational data to predict which patients will benefit most from LDLT. This novel ML-based methodology enables personalized survival predictions while minimizing confounders and offers clinicians a new tool to more confidently evaluate treatment effects.

Electron microscopy (EM) has revolutionized our understanding of cellular structures at the nanoscale. Accurate image segmentation is required for analyzing EM images. While manual segmentation is reliable, it is labor-intensive, incentivizing the development of automated segmentation methods. Although deep learning-based segmentation has demonstrated expert-level performance, it lacks generalizable performance across diverse EM datasets. Current approaches usually use either convolutional or...

Norrin, a secreted protein encoded by NDP gene, is recognized for its established role as a paracrine canonical Frizzled-4/Wnt ligand that mediates angiogenesis and barrier function in the brain. However, emerging evidence suggests that Norrin possesses Frizzled-4-independent functions, notably impacting Notch activation and proliferation of cancer stem cells. We conducted a BioID protein-proximity screen to identify Norrin-interacting proteins. Surprisingly, a significant proportion of the...

Upon injury, epithelial-derived IL-18 is released and induces an inflammatory response in underlying IL18R1^(+) lamina propria cells. Notably, Il18r1 is also predicted to be expressed and functional in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), since epithelial IL18R1 deficiency contributes to worsened outcomes upon inflammatory challenge. However, the nature of Il18r1^(+) IECs, and their subsequent role in epithelial-intrinsic IL-18 signaling is poorly characterized. Here, we show that, in the murine...